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The rare-earth nitrides (ReNs) are a class of novel materials with potential for use in spintronics applications. Theoretical studies indicate that among the ReNs there could be half-metals, semimetals and semiconductors, all exhibiting strong magnetic ordering. This is because of the complex interaction between the partially filled rare-earth 4f orbital and the nitrogen 2p valence and...

Note the addition of an erratum to “Investigation of the suitability of commercially available CVD diamond for megavoltage X-ray dosimetry”, added to the end of the full-text article.Sandwich-type X-ray detectors were fabricated on commercially available chemical vapour deposition diamond sourced from three manufacturers: Diamond Materials GmbH, Diamonex, and Element Six. These devices were investigated using Raman spectroscopy and 6 MV photons from a clinical linear accelerator. Parameters such as the level of the dark (leakage) current and photocurrent, necessary priming... [Journal Article]

A novel system has been developed to provide noninvasive and simultaneous measures of horizontal, vertical, and torsional (rotation about the visual axis) movements of the eye. It uses a flyingspot laser scanner to selectively image landmarks on the eye. A horizontal scan through the centre of the pupil locates the left and right edges of the pupil allowing horizontal eye position to be... [Conference Paper]

210-213Transfer-matrix and finite element modelling techniques were used to simulate single- and multi-layer silver-based superlenses. The techniques were compared for their abilities to simulate sub-diffraction-limited resolution and DC transmission. The finite element modelling technique confirmed conclusions drawn from T-matrix analysis, namely that multi-layer superlenses had greater transmission... [Conference Paper]

[Conference Item]

X-ray detectors have been fabricated from a range of commercially-available chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond. They have been packaged and tested in a clinical environment, using clinical apparatus and following clinical procedures: 6 MV linear accelerator, solid water phantom, dosimeter. Some devices exhibited highly desirable characteristics, such as negligible dark currents (sub-pA),... [Conference Poster]

X-ray detectors were fabricated from a range of commercially-available synthetic diamond fabricated using chemical vapour deposition (CVD). As these detectors are intended as dosimeters for use in radiotherapy (beam calibration and profiling, in-situ dose measurements etc.), they were appropriately packaged and tested in a clinical environment, using clinical apparatus and following clinical... [Conference Paper]

[Conference Poster]

This paper gives an overview of the Medipix2 x-ray detector and its use in medical imaging, with the MARS-CT scanner (MARS, Medipix All Resolution System) as an example. The Medipix2 chip is a photon counting pixel detector with the ability of energy discrimination. It was developed at CERN and is composed of a sensor layer bump bonded to electronics layer. It has 256x256 pixels, each one... [Conference Paper]

The aim of this project is to build a spectroscopic CT scanner capable of taking multiple energy CT images of small animal and pathology specimens. The current prototype scanner uses a conventional x-ray tube and a Medipix2 x-ray detector (developed by the European Organisation for Nuclear Research - CERN) that is capable of photon counting and energy discrimination. The scanner is referred to... [Conference Paper]

A new generation of material technologies is being produced by tuning the properties of an existing material through control of the size and shape on the nanoscale. Zinc oxide is an excellent candidate for such an approach due to its possession of a plethora of useful properties, both mechanical and electronic, and a fantastically rich family of morphologies accessible on the nanoscale. A more...

Purpose: To establish that a spectroscopic (multi-energy) CT scanner can differentiate multiple contrast agents and background tissues. This is clinically significant because it enables multi-phase contrast studies to be performed in a single scan. eg. A "triple phase liver" is possible in a one acquisition. This is a significant improvement from dual energy CT which is limited to... [Conference Paper]

The numerical kernel approach to difference imaging has been implemented and applied to gravitational microlensing events observed by the PLANET collaboration. The effect of an error in the source-star coordinates is explored and a new algorithm is presented for determining the precise coordinates of the microlens in blended events, essential for accurate photometry of difference images. It is... [Journal Article]

The aim of this project is to build a spectroscopic CT scanner capable of taking multiple energy CT images of small animal and pathology specimens. The current prototype scanner uses a conventional x-ray tube and a Medipix2 x-ray detector (developed by the European Organisation for Nuclear Research - CERN) that is capable of photon counting and energy discrimination. The scanner is referred to... [Conference Paper]

The aim of this study is to review the clinical potential of spectroscopic X-ray detectors and to undertake a feasibility study using a novel detector in a clinical hospital setting. Detectors currently in development, such as Medipix-3, will have multiple energy thresholds allowing for routine use of spectroscopic bio-medical imaging. We have coined the term MARS (Medipix All Resolution... [Journal Article]

The aim of this study is to review the clinical potential of spectroscopic X-ray detectors and to undertake a feasibility study using a novel detector in a clinical hospital setting. Detectors currently in development, such as Medipix-3, will have multiple energy thresholds allowing for routine use of spectroscopic bio-medical imaging. We have coined the term MARS (Medipix All Resolution... [Journal Article]

Spectral datasets of a watch and a fetal hand have been acquired with the energy-resolving 2D X-ray imaging detector Medipix-2. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the spectral information in the data. PCA is useful as it identifies the relevant information in a few derived variables that account for most of the variance of the dataset. A scattergram and cluster analysis... [Conference Item]

Spectral datasets of a watch and a fetal hand have been acquired with the energy-resolving 2D X-ray imaging detector Medipix-2. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the spectral information in the data. PCA is useful as it identifies the relevant information in a few derived variables that account for most of the variance of the dataset. A scattergram and cluster analysis... [Conference Item]

The Medipix-2 Quad MXR detector is a recent version of the Medipix hybrid silicon pixel detector, which was developed at CERN. It combines four Medipix-2 chips with one common sensor chip. The photon processing x-ray detector will be incorporated into the Medipix All Resolution System (MARS) scanner, a 3D spectroscopic imaging system being developed by a collaboration of researchers from the... [Conference Item]

The Medipix-2 Quad MXR detector is a recent version of the Medipix hybrid silicon pixel detector, which was developed at CERN. It combines four Medipix-2 chips with one common sensor chip. The photon processing x-ray detector will be incorporated into the Medipix All Resolution System (MARS) scanner, a 3D spectroscopic imaging system being developed by a collaboration of researchers from the... [Conference Item]

This study confirms that the Medipix2 x-ray detector enables spectroscopic bio-medical plain radiography. We show that the detector has the potential to provide new, useful information beyond the limited spectroscopic information of modern dual-energy computed tomography (CT) scanners. Full spectroscopic 3D-imaging is likely to be the next major technological advance in computed tomography,... [Journal Article]

This study confirms that the Medipix2 x-ray detector enables spectroscopic bio-medical plain radiography. We show that the detector has the potential to provide new, useful information beyond the limited spectroscopic information of modern dual-energy computed tomography (CT) scanners. Full spectroscopic 3D-imaging is likely to be the next major technological advance in computed tomography,... [Journal Article]

A spectroscopic x-ray CT scanner, providing both spatial and energy resolution was built. Tomographic datasets from mice have been acquired to evaluate the potential benefits of spectroscopic imaging in biomedical applications. [Conference Item]

A spectroscopic x-ray CT scanner, providing both spatial and energy resolution was built. Tomographic datasets from mice have been acquired to evaluate the potential benefits of spectroscopic imaging in biomedical applications. [Conference Item]

Purpose: To construct a 3D x-ray spectroscopic scanner for biomedical x-ray imaging using the Medipix detector. The scanner, dubbed MARS (Medipix All Resolution System), can be used to image small animal and pathology specimens. Simulations by us, our partners, and industry predict a wide range of clinical applications including vascular and soft tissue imaging. The scanner is designed to... [Conference Paper]